Illinois Child Welfare Employee License (CWEL) Practice Test

According to Erikson, what is the first stage of development?

1. Trust vs. mistrust

2. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

3. Initiative vs. guilt

4. Industry vs. inferiority

The correct answer is: Trust vs. mistrust

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the first stage is Trust vs. mistrust. This stage occurs in infancy, typically from birth to 18 months. During this time, the primary task is for the infant to develop a sense of trust in their caregivers and the world around them. If their needs are consistently met with care and attention, the infant is more likely to develop a basic sense of trust. On the other hand, if the infant's needs are not met or they experience inconsistent care, they may develop mistrust and anxiety towards the world. This foundational stage sets the stage for future relationships and interactions throughout the individual's life. The other options: B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt - This is the second stage of Erikson's theory, typically occurring during early childhood (around ages 1 to 3 years). C. Initiative vs. guilt - This is the third stage of Erikson's theory, typically occurring in early childhood (around ages 3 to 5 years). D. Industry vs. inferiority - This is the fourth stage of Erikson's theory, typically occurring in middle childhood (around ages 6 to 11 years).